Notes

​​Notes

__Vocabulary__// Colonialism-exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country''s resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country Mercantilism-an economic system (Europe in 18th C) to increase a nations wealth by government regulation of all of the nations commercial interests Tariff-a government tax on imports or exports Salutary Neglect-was an undocumented, though long standing [|British] policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws meant to keep the [|American colonies] obedient to [|Great Britain]. 1650-1763 Navigation Acts-were a series of [|laws] which restricted the use of foreign [|shipping] for trade between England (after 1707 [|Great Britain]) and its colonies, which started in 1651.

> > > > > > > > > Plymouth and massachusetts bay, settled for money or religious freedom? > -alot came for money, but the first were there for religious freedom(pilgrams) > > > > > > > > > Reformation- catholic priests change the way things are run > -lutheran church > -church of england > -calvininism > -puritans/ are hated in england, some are kicked out > > > > > > > > > ~Who should lead the colony > Bradford/ religious leader > Standish/ here for money, soldier > Bradford was in charge > > > > > > > > > ~Anne Hutchinson
 * From 1607 to 1776 Great Britain owned us
 * goal to get wealthy with gold and silver by trading
 * England gets all the money anyways cuz they own both lands
 * not aloud to make iron, wool clothes, steel in colonies; only bought from England
 * colonies do have rum, some mollasses.
 * trade in between colonies, england, africa. (buy slaves from africa)
 * SLAVES) colonies to england-rum, england to africa-wool clothes, africa to colonies-slaves
 * Africa to carribean-slaves, carribean to colonies- sugar/mollasses, colonies to africa- rum
 * england kept making new taxes (this is the kick-off of the revolutionary war)
 * We don't need a Pastor to interpret the bible.
 * The bible does not support treating women as secondclass citizens
 * slavery is an evil according to the scriptures.
 * we can have different interpretations of the bible and be free to act upon them

SALEM WITCH TRIALS to set the mood for salem witch trials there were many god fearers and they were all in fear that the devil would try to take someones soul the salem witch trials happens during the 1690's the salem witch trials started because of a doctor saying some one's daughter was possessed by the devil people then thought this was witch craft that doomed people to death and that the victim would scream out the person who had done it as they were in pain then they were tried by the Court of Oyer(to hear) and terminer(to decide). this lead to the death of 27 on the line of wich craft and people who associated with witches. 19 "witches" were hung eupore burned at the stake salem hung till death

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Published Inventions
 * was born in boston, massachusetts
 * He worked with his dad until he became an apprentice as a printer
 * Mrs. Silence Dogood, created so he could publish things in the newspaper
 * he ran away when his brother found out
 * he set up his own printing press
 * ben and debrah had three kids one dying of small pox
 * debrah died of a stroke
 * in june, 1776 franklin was unanimously chosen by the pennslvania assembly to serve as their delgate to the second continental congress. also in jun he was appointed to the commitee of five (thomas jefferson, john adams, roger sherman, robert livingston and ben franklin) which wrote the declaration of independence.
 * wrote his autobiography in french
 * Poor Richards Almanac
 * Silence Dogood
 * Pennsylvania Gazette
 * bifocals- glasses
 * franklin stove- less of a fire hazard
 * father founding of electricity

GEORGE WASHINTON
 * was born at westmoreland couty, virginia
 * kind man, good guy
 * spent his childhood on his family's estate on Pope's Creek on the Potomac River
 * tried to get Lawrence into Barbados but he passed away
 * during the french and indian war geore washinton was forced to surrender and bring his troops back to williamsburg
 * married martha dandridge curtis. she was wealthy and attractive
 * george was depressed
 * George Washington took victory in the battle of Yorktown.
 * growing in stature and maturity due to the war, he becoame an even greater leader and a greater man
 * showing great leadership during the revolutionary war they elected him as teh president in 1789
 * He wanted to avoid all conflict and he didn't wan the nation to be divided
 * He decided to have a peace treaty with britian in which they accepted in 1794
 * George Washinton is widely recognized as one of the greatest presidents ever in office.
 * His life was a very successful life and he will be remembered forever

FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
 * seven year war
 * indians on both sides
 * treaty of paris 1763 ended the war
 * george washinton beaten by french in pittsburg
 * british do win
 * british/colonies vs. french/indians
 * louisianna purchase
 * britain won't let colonies expand cuz indians live there
 * england says colonies need to pay for the war

NAVIGATION ACTS
 * designed to "protect" the english empire
 * controls shipping
 * america can only trade with england
 * england forces low prices
 * colonies grew tobacco and could only sell it the england
 * americans set up black market with the dutch
 * much better selling

SONS OF LIBERTY
 * group of shopkeepers and workers formed a group to go against the stamp act
 * stamp act; 1st law that directly attacks the colonist
 * taxed everything
 * they made a dummy of the tax guy and hung it in a tree as they protested around it
 * damaged his house and wanted to burn his house and cut of the head of the dummy

BOSTON MASSACURE
 * march of 1770
 * 5 people died 6 wounded
 * a soldier went to the wigshop and got in a fight with the apprentice
 * another soldier came and hit the apprentice with his gun
 * leader of soldiers gives them seven guns to protect the one soldier
 * workers start throwing snowballs at them
 * then they load their guns
 * black sailor is shot because he hit a soldier with a club
 * cops go to court and are charged for shooting into the crowd
 * the british court finds the senior officer not guilty
 * some of the soldiers were found guilty but were put in jail for 2 days some were sent to england

INTOLLERABLE ACTS
 * boston can't open their ports until they pay for the tea
 * religious freedom
 * another act said that soldiers can stay in your house and eat your food whether you like it or not
 * they are gonna force boston to stop being radical

COMMON SENSE
 * Tom Paine Author of Comon Sense but didn't put his name
 * as societies evolved they've gotten more complex
 * if we have taxes who should decide what taxes we have?
 * january of 1776
 * people are saying that we should be our own country but more were saying we shouldn't
 * the most influencial people are saying we should be independent
 * a convention is called with the different colonies discussing what to do
 * virginia is instructed to vote for away from england

LEXINGTON & CONCORD
 * 75 colonists, 700 british
 * british are marching towards concord
 * Paul Reveere Midnight ride
 * colonists try to stop the british army
 * British are not even wounded
 * Colonists 8 are killed and 11 wounded
 * British couldn't find the supplies so they turned around and went back to boston
 * now there are hundreds of colonists because everyone's all mad that british killed people
 * British stupidly walk in line while colonists are in the trees shooting and throwing rocks(gorilla fighting)
 * British 273 are killed and 94 colonists are killed

ENLIGHTENMENT
 * mid 1600-1800's, started in europe and came over to america
 * enlightenment is a term used to describe a time in wetern philosophy and cultural life, centered upon the eighteenth century, in which reason was advocated as the primany source and legitimacy for authority
 * basically it is a time when men were trying to perfect society by making everthing the "right" way
 * america was huge for freedom, this is why so many people were in favor of The Declaration of Independence

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
 * Congress got together to vote for independence or not in philidelphia
 * some were sent to not have independence some wanted independence
 * all the representatives were there except 2
 * john adams, ben franklin, livingston, jefferson, sherman; the commitie
 * they wanted thomas jefferson to write the declaration
 * they voted and released the declaration on July 2nd, 1776
 * england was not happy with this document

REVOLUTIONARY WAR
 * the anaconda plan
 * british are all drunk because it's christmas eve
 * americans surround saratoga and force british to surrender

VALLEY FORGE
 * december of 1777, its freezing cold (10,000 men)
 * they had no place to sleep but their tents and they didn't have much food
 * this guy comes along and helps to train them in fighting
 * many men died from the cold in the 6 months they were there
 * a military officer from prussia trained them from dawn to dusk
 * it helped them gain confidence in their fighting
 * because of their lack of food and their torn up clothes and a fourth of the men died
 * washington sends letters to the people "in charge" but they have nothing for them
 * men are going home, they miss their families
 * washington finds a group of men that try to leave
 * he lines them up like to be shot and tells his friends to shoot them
 * they point them in the air and shoot them but won't kill their friends
 * seven more come up and shoot them so they won't be shot
 * french send uniforms :D yay!
 * by the springtime they are all ready to fight

FRENCH SUPPORT
 * french are mad at england and had much sympothy for the colonies
 * they were loaning money and military supplies; uniforms, weapons
 * then they started sending ships, a tiny navy
 * The Battle Of York Town
 * french will block of the british navy hahaha!
 * britain is no longer getting supplies
 * french and america surrounded york town and seige the city
 * britain surrenders and they all have dinner yum! :)
 * the war is over ! ! ! ! !
 * but it will take 3 years to make a treaty

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
 * "articles of belief"
 * they want some kind of leader, some just want to rule themselves
 * written in 1777 but not agreed to until 4 years later
 * 13 articles of confederation
 * "united states of america"
 * each state retains rights not given to central government
 * unified in case of war and for general welfare
 * freedom of movement, but extradition
 * one vote fro each state in congress
 * central government makes war and peace, army, navy, but state militias okay,
 * high officers chosen by central government, lesser officers by states
 * us expenditures paid by state legislatures based on property values
 * central government set weights and measure, coins, final court
 * committee of states when congress not in session
 * 9 states agree for admitting a new state, canada pre-approved
 * confederation assumes prior war debt
 * articles can be altered only by unanimous state agreement
 * who should pay for the war?
 * the united states of america will pay for everything
 * united states is super short on money
 * if people owe money they just take any stuff in their house and sell it for money

DANIEL SHAYS
 * Fought in the war for free, but he went home before the war was over
 * he's really low on money so the people want to take his farm and house
 * then new taxes are made
 * they want to go to the court house and burn it so all records are gone
 * they decide to raise their own privite militia, with the arsenal
 * so does the rebellion
 * the militia got their first and they used the cannons on shays army
 * they run away but all were arrested
 * they hang two men, let everyone go, and shays is released after a few years

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION JAYS TREATY (1789)
 * also known as the philiadelphia convcention
 * by 1786 americans realized the articles of confederation weren't working
 * 12 deligates
 * james madison wanted to get rid of the articles completely and start a new government
 * Patrick Henry refused to come, along with Rhode Island
 * The Virginia Plan(Large state plan)- May 1777, the states would elect people into the lower house then each house would vote for the upper house
 * The Pickney Plan-senate, deligate for every one thousand residents
 * New Jersey Plan(Little state plan)-each state was equal one vote congress and thats all, that they can make more taxes, a group of people be president
 * Hamilton's Plan-didn't like either plan, lower house elected by the people, the elected would choose the senate
 * Connecticut Compromise-lower house by population, upper house by state
 * In july it was compromised
 * SLAVERY
 * Some wanted to count slaves for votes, but not for taxes
 * they were counted as 3/5 of a person
 * North vs. South
 * compromise, the rid of slave trade in twenty years
 * Drafting and Signing-finally the constitution was written, signed Septemer 17, 1787
 * Bill of Rights was added and all agreed
 * treaty between england and the united states
 * we wanted the british to leave america
 * we wanted a border between us and canada
 * america was trading with france and england would capture the ships
 * they refused and went on stealing the ships
 * after the treaty was passed the americans were mad
 * america says if they stop then we will trade with them instead
 * france- anti federalists(democrate rebuplican)
 * england- federalists
 * they dressed different to tell who believed what

XYZ AFFAIR
 * foreign people are coming into the united states, an we almost get run over
 * if you are in the us for less than 14 years they can kick you out, alien & sedition acts

WAR OF 1812
 * canada attacked washington dc forcing the president to leave
 * the white house was a bride for virginia
 * a general was the hero of this little war, andrew jackson
 * he became the president of the united states

NATIONAL BANK ACT
 * this act was the unitd states federal law that would insist that the us would have papers about their debts
 * they had to issue bank notes
 * the national banks would be required to make national bonds

WHISKEY REBELLION
 * the federal government raised the tax of whiskey to pay for the war
 * the farmers in the west are not happy with this
 * corn was used to make whiskey
 * by the time the federal army got to the farmers, they were all gone
 * some were caught and tried, they were set free except 2 was feeble, and insane

THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE
 * the united states wanted to control the port to new orleans
 * France was the ower of it at the moment
 * France decided to sell it to the united states for 10,000,000,000
 * then they decide 15 million, 3 cents per acre for everything
 * this doubles the size of the united states